
The observed effects of rainfall on the composition of atmospheric bioaerosols and IN may influence the hydrological cycle (bioprecipitation cycle) as well as the health effects of air particulate matter (pathogens, allergens). This may reflect unknown sources of atmospheric bio-IN as well as the presence of cell-free IN macromolecules that do not contain DNA, in particular for sizes < 0.1 µm.

The DNA analysis revealed low numbers of reads related to microorganisms that are known to be IN-active. In contrast, samples collected in periods with dust events were dominated by heat-resistant IN active at lower temperatures, most likely mineral dust. For example, filtration and heat treatment of the samples collected during and immediately after rainfall yielded enhanced fractions of heat-sensitive IN in the size ranges larger than 5 µm and smaller than 0.1 µm, which were likely of biological origin (entire bioparticles and soluble macromolecular bio-IN). Freezing experiments showed that the IN population in the investigated samples was influenced by both rainfall and dust events. In contrast, the read proportions of bacteria were reduced, indicating an effective removal of bacteria by precipitation. For the rain-affected samples, we found higher read proportions of fungi, particularly of Agaricomycetes, which are a class of fungi that actively discharge their spores into the atmosphere in response to humidity changes. Taxonomic analysis showed community changes related to rainfall. We investigated the composition of bioaerosols, ice nucleation activity, and the effect of rainfall by metagenomic sequencing and freezing experiments of aerosol samples collected during the INUIT 2016 campaign in a rural dryland on the eastern Mediterranean island of Cyprus. Plus, we are at the forefront of the game when it comes to saving energy and making your property relaxing through spray foam insulation anywhere in Fawn Creek.Ĭontact us today to get started with your spray foam insulation.Certain biological particles are highly efficient ice nuclei (IN), but the actual contribution of bioparticles to the pool of atmospheric IN and their relation to precipitation are not well characterized. Our knowledge of the recommended thickness and R-value for Kansas buildings gives you more than enough reason to trust us with your insulation installation and removal. With our expertise, your existing walls and new walls (both internal and external) can be utterly sealed with the right measures and with the appropriate equipment.

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